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Friday, April 17, 2015

Hillary will not help our economy

Hillary Clinton, who is now running for president, will do what all liberals love doing: pointing to the 1990s and claiming that it was a time of economic greatness. Unemployment fell, the budget was balanced, and welfare reform was passed. Now, I do have to give some credit to the Clinton's: they are pragmatists. If the GOP controls congress Hillary will do similar things to her husband. She will pass things like welfare reform which benefit everyone. But to claim Bill's economic legacy was a success is just incorrect, and it should worry everyone. 

Bill Clinton was lucky. And I think Hillary is a lot more liberal than he is. She probably believes that high tax rates cause economic growth. And to an untrained observer this may seem true: the growth in the 90s was pretty high and Clinton raised taxes. But, as Forbes explains, it wasn't high taxes that causes growth. He reduced tariffs and encouraged free trade, passed welfare reform, reduced the capital gains tax by 8%, reduced the death tax rates, reduced spending, and encouraged a strong and stable dollar. As the article states, it wasn't high taxes that caused growth, but instead caused by "freeing America’s poor from a punitive welfare system, lowering tariffs, reducing tax rates on the creators of wealth, limiting the growth of federal government expenditures, and providing a strong and stable dollar to businesses and families in America and throughout the world."

So... What will Hillary do? Hillary voted yes for the stimulus packages. This is an issue because debt levels have been convincingly linked to reduced economic growth. The Heritage Foundation, citing an interesting study by Reinhart, Reinhart, and Rogoff has demonstrated that economic growth is reduced when debt levels increase. And as I have explained before, monetary policy pretty much overrides fiscal stimulus, so the effect is zero. And in the long term, it is negative. Ben Bernanke, former Fed Chairman, has argued that increasing deficits pose a danger to the economy. Bernanke was quoted as saying, "Over the longer term, the current trajectory of federal debt threatens to crowd out private capital formation and thus reduce productivity growth". Clinton's spending policies are not as responsible as her husbands and pose a real threat to the American people. 

Just a note, the Economist claims that the Reinhart study is flawed. However, even in the research criticizing the approach, even they find that excessive debt levels are associated with reduced growth--they just put the level a bit lower than the Reinhart study. 

Hillary also favors increasing tax rates. This is worrisome because, as noted, the growth in her husband's career is attributed to him reducing taxes, not because he raised them. The Tax Foundation has found that increased taxes reduce growth, and research on the 1993 Clinton tax increases finds that income was reduced 8% as a result. Income would have been higher had Clinton not raised taxes--and that is exactly what Hillary wants to do. And this is worrisome because Clinton inherited office after a period of growth in the 1980s. And although Bush's economy was in recession, it wasn't his fault and was ending as Clinton took over. Clinton inherited growth, and slowed it down. But the growth was so fast no one even noticed. Hillary, if she wins, will not inherit a strong economy. Increasing taxes like she wants to will destroy the little progress Obama has made. 

We need a candidate who supports strong monetary policy but also sound fiscal ones, too. The Rubio Tax Plan will lead to a huge amount of economic growth. Rubio's plan would "boost investment by nearly 49 percent, wages by 12.5 percent, and raise the level of employment by nearly 2.7 million jobs." And although Rubio's opinion on the Fed is unclear, it is possible that he would support common-sense monetary policies which would increase growth. Rubio is one of the smartest, best speaking, and youngest candidates we have. Hopefully he will win the election and spar with Clinton. His story of being raised by immigrants while supporting pro-growth reforms will save the United States. I am not necessarily endorsing him, but I think conservative or moderate interested in the primaries should really give him a chance. 

Hillary will be a disaster. From what we know now (which is not very much), her policies will not benefit the wealthy, the poor, or the middle class whom she claims to champion. 

Thursday, April 16, 2015

lol spammers

On a few old posts there is some sketchy spammer posting links to escorts--which is ironic considering the name of the blog. I am too lazy to go through and delete them, but I am warning everyone if you happen to see those comments to *NOT* click those links. And be assured that I do *NOT* condone that type of behavior. But I mean the name of the blog should make that apparent but... yeah... Don't click dem links!

Is Christie going to join the race?


Rand Paul, Ted Cruz, and Marco Rubio have officially announced their campaigns for the President of the United States. But when--or will--Chris Christie announce his?

Christie used to be the center of attention in pretty much every political sphere. He was a moderate with some liberal leanings, so he was electable, he was (and still is) governor of a liberal state, and had appeal inside of every group. He was no one's first choice, but he did well in most polls he was in. Then... bridgegate. His poll numbers fell, the media cried scandal, and his overall polls in this election are sub-par. The RCP average of puts Christie at a mere 5.5% in the polls, behind Rubio (7.3%), Huckabee (8.3%), Carson (9%), Paul (9.8%), Cruz (10.5%), Walker (15.3%), and Bush (16.4%). This is a pretty low showing, especially for a man with widespread name recognition. The fact he is behind Walker, an unknown Governor (well, known to political fans of course) who seems to be unable to answer basic questions to the media, and Carson who has the least name recognition is pretty sad.

This is why people think he may not run. Politico ran an article praising the liberal-leaning John Kaisch and claims that "Christie [is] looking like he is going to stay out [of the race]." But I don't buy this claim. RCP has posted an interview from NBC news with the New Jersey governor, and he seems... dedicated to running. He is saying "I don't know", of course, but the way he answers the questions was one of a politician fancying a presidential one, not a man focusing on staying a governor. When he was asked a question in regards to gay marriage, he knew he has to oppose it in the primaries, but that the general public opposes him. So he answered like a politician: by not answering at all. He said the Supreme Court will decide it soon, making the issue moot. He said in the interview

I think a governor is going to be the nominee, a governor or a former governor, because I believe that our party and our country need someone who's actually run something. And while I have great respect for a number of those folks, I don't believe that we've done well with the experiment of a one-term U.S. senator being president of the United States...
Feisty. He went after poor Marco with this comment--someone who would make a much better president than Obama. Yet, the experience point is an effective one and will be replayed in attack ads if Rubio continues to have fairly decent (7.3%) poll numbers--which may even increase. 

I really think the way he presented himself in the interview shows that he will probably run. And he is campaigning in NH (where he even polls ahead of Cruz and Rubio), but he is just "testing the waters" as a neutral reporter would say. But hey, I am not working for a big news company so I can say what I want. He is probably running. I would be very surprised if he doesn't run. And he is a pragmatist who is a great speaker and knows how to rile up a crowd. He is not my first choice (I like Rubio, Santorum, and call me a heretic but I like Bush as well), but I don't think you should assume he is going to lose or not run. His biggest competition will end up being Jeb Bush, no doubt, but I really do think Christie has a chance of making a splash in this election.

And, of course, Chris Christie did make an appearance at CPAC where he told us to not count him out!

Wednesday, April 1, 2015

Do social issues not matter? The case of the death penalty

Social issues don't matter. Yep. People around the country--no, around the world--say stuff like that. They only vote on economic issues. You have social conservative legal immigrants from Mexico voting democrat because of amnesty, Jewish people voting liberal for whatever reason (which doesn't even make sense!), and you name it, there are people who vote right or left because of economics. And that is fine, great. But let me set the record straight: social issues are not useless.

To prove this, I will be looking at the death penalty from an economic approach. You guessed it: costs. And the high cost estimates suffer from many issues, such as weak data, non-representative data, etc. For example, the anti-death penalty group the Death Penalty Information Center, DPIC, lists dozens of studies trying to convince us that the death penalty costs more than life without parole, LWOP. This is one of their main arguments against the death penalty. And it appeals mostly to the conservatives: the death penalty costs a lot, is a waste of money, and should be done away with. Heck, that line of reasoning is very convincing to conservatives like me. But is that correct? If it is, that makes the social issue of the death penalty an economic one--which means social issues are not just nothings.

I have written about this on other blogs, and I will use a quote I cited on an old homicide survivors article I wrote, and can be seen here. I should note I was not a very good writer (heck, I am not one now) so it was written pretty poorly. Here is a review of the literature done by the General Accounting Office back in the 1980s.

In recent years, studies, articles, and reports have been published on the costs associated with the death penalty at state level. They have generally concluded that, contrary to what many people believe, death sentence cases cost more than non-death sentence cases. However, we found these conclusions were not adequately supported. Most of the studies did not actually compare death sentence cases with non-death sentence cases, and some of the studies did not contain actual cost data. Further, even cases where cost data were cited, these data where incomplete.
Yep. If you ever read an old study, remember what the government said: those studies have faulty comparisons, don't even use cost data, and are not reliable at all. A pretty big slap in the face, isn't it?

Despite the fact that the literature was pretty much baloney, the DPIC in 1994 continued to advance the claim that the DP was expensive, using the same faulty evidence the GAO discredited a few years earlier.

I suppose this begs the question: what about more modern evidence? I mean Alexander, you can't say this is still happening… is it?

Yep. It is. A book published by John Sorensen and Rocky LeAnn Pilgrim titled Lethal Injection: Capital Punishment in Texas during the Modern Era have found many issues in modern death penalty research. They often use inadequate sample sizes, do not even use cost data, fail to include all of the costs of life without parole, fail to take into account plea bargains, etc. The two most comprehensive studies on the issue have found that the death penalty costs about the same, or slightly less than, life cases.

Also assume the death penalty has a deterrent effect, which it probably does (deters 3-18 murders per execution). Each murder costs about $17 million, according to this study. Even assuming the death penalty costs $2 million, if each death penalty case deterred just one murder, $15 million would have been saved. If it deters 3, the death penalty saves $49 million. If it deters 18, it saves $304 million. So the death penalty--a social issue--is extremely important when it comes to public policy. And, in my humble opinion, the death penalty is a good thing. 

And it should also be remembered the DP has importance in morality. The punishment should fit the crime. It is what our entire justice system is built upon. Justice cannot exist without a death penalty. The DP is important in both a moral and empirical sense. You simply cannot shrug off social issues. 

The Case for Amnesty

Conservatives may call me crazy, but this is an issue that, as a whole, we are wrong about. Amnesty is the right thing to do. Many conservatives like Jeb Bush--the ones who hate him because of his brother are just too crazy to even convince. He is a different person and is not just some weird illuminati prick (conspiracy theorists really do mess up the right-wing reputation, and they should be ashamed for their craziness), he is a genuine human being. There are two issues we disagree with him on: (1) Immigration and (2) common core. I have not really looked into common core, but his whole deal on amnesty is really what pisses off conservatives.

I always was skeptical about amnesty. Immigrants don't pay taxes, use welfare benefits, and harm the economy. Or so I thought. And I am over 50% hispanic. My mother is Puerto Rican 100% and my dad has enough Mexican to allow me to benefit from affirmative action. So, if anything, I should have been skeptical of the traditional amnesty is bad crowd. But I drank their koolaid and thought that illegal immigration was going to destroy America. It simply isn't true. We are a nation of immigrants and, as conservatives, we should embrace this. We support tradition. We support going back to the 1700s (not literally. We actually support more technological creation through capitalism... but you know what I mean... We're originalists!) But in the period we love to quote Jefferson, Washington, etc. we seem to forget that they were only here because of immigration.

Here is what conservatives counter: look, immigration was good back then, but not now. We have things they didn't have: welfare, social services, etc. and we have to pay for immigrants on these programs. So any new illegal immigration means more people who do not pay taxes and, subsequently, we have higher taxes because of immigrants which harms job growth. And it makes sense. The conservative Heritage Foundation, for example, contends that illegal immigration is terrible for the economy and for the taxpayer. Uneducated and low-income families receive about $31,000 of benefits each year, and people educated through college receive less (around $24,000). Since most illegal immigrants are poor, uneducated, etc. they are in the $31,000 category--and they pay no taxes. So illegal immigration harms the economy. Makes sense to me. They claim that illegal immigration costs $5.4 trillion dollars per year [1]. And they also argue that amnesty would increase the cost because they become eligible for more benefits. And I have to point out I am a fan of the Heritage Foundation. But on this issue, they are just wrong.

Anyone who opposes immigration will cite this Heritage report, or it's younger children. I do not think the authors meant to mislead anyone and they are genuine scientists who should not be chastised for the report. But the fact is, the report is flawed. The way they count people is through households, immigrant households. The issue with this is that many immigrants are married to US citizens or have US children and this overstates the costs. The costs are, in these cases, mostly from citizens--not immigrants. The report also generally focuses on the direct consequences of immigration but fails to take into account the benefits. They assume immigration is bad, when, in reality, most economists actually think immigration is good. Yes, immigration is good.

Take a separate report from the National Bureau of Economic Research, NBER. These guys publish quality research on economic issues. They published a study in 2010 which found that, unlike Rector and other anti-immigration academics argue, immigration had little effect on poverty rates [2]. In the long term immigration leads to many benefits. Second generation immigrants actually tend to have higher education attainment--probably because the work hard ethic is instilled into them. They still feel as though living in this country is a privilege. So, in reality, there are long-term direct productivity gains when immigrant families come to the US: they end up more productive which helps everyone else [3].

Probably the biggest harm I hear from conservatives--and I bought this, too--is that immigration will decrease our wages. Wow, if that is true, native born people like me wills suffer, right? Not really. There is very scant proof that immigration actually does this. NBER published a report in 2005 actually arguing that immigration increases wages [4]. Wow, so they actually make us richer! Of course, it harms people who do not have a high school degree, but the effect is small and as long as you finish high school you will be fine. This pretty much refutes the notion that immigration is bad for the economy.

Conservatives also claim the direct costs of welfare will murder us. This is totally untrue. Immigrants actually use welfare at lower rates than white native born people, according to another right-wing think tank, the CATO Institute [5].

 Most of the costs of amnesty fall upon the welfare state: giving 11 million people welfare will cost a lot. But that isn't an argument against amnesty, it is one against the welfare state. Reform welfare, reduce costs, reform food stamps, etc. That does not mean we should deprave people who risk their lives for their family a right to citizenship which will benefit them, which will benefit us, and which will benefit the United States. Conservatives should support amnesty.


References
Note, I am not going to cite these the "proper" way, but since if you click a link it leads you do the website that should be enough for an online blog.

1. http://www.heritage.org/research/reports/2013/05/the-fiscal-cost-of-unlawful-immigrants-and-amnesty-to-the-us-taxpayer
2. http://www.nber.org/papers/w17570
3. http://www.nber.org/papers/w11547
4.  http://www.nber.org/papers/w12497
5. http://www.cato.org/publications/economic-development-bulletin/poor-immigrants-use-public-benefits-lower-rate-poor